The collateral ligaments are located on the outside of the knee and include the medial collateral ligament, or MCL, and the lateral collateral ligament, or LCL. These ligaments stabilize the knee during side-to-side motion.
The MCL is located on the inner side of the knee while the LCL is located on the outer side of the knee. Injuries to these important ligaments are common with direct contact or quick twisting or pivoting motions when the foot is planted. Damage to the collateral ligaments can make the knee painful and unstable.
While an MCL tear is more common than an LCL tear, treatment for both injuries is similar. Many collateral ligament tears can heal with rest and physical therapy. But if a tear causes significant pain and knee instability, surgery may be needed to support the knee joint.
During MCL or LCL surgery, an incision is made at either the inner or outer side of the knee. This allows the surgeon to access the torn ligament for repair or reconstruction.
